How to calculate fill dirt
Fill dirt compacts when it's tamped, rolled or rained on, so you need more loose dirt than the finished hole or area holds. Order 15–25% extra for typical fill, and more if it will be compacted with a plate compactor.
Worked example
Raising a 20 × 10 ft area by 6 in: 20 × 10 × 6 ÷ 324 = 3.7 cubic yards. With 20% for compaction, order about 4.4 cubic yards, roughly 5.3 tons.
Measuring uneven ground
Few areas need the same depth everywhere. Measure the depth at several points across the area, for example every few feet along a grid, and use the average. For a slope that goes from 0 to 12 in, the average depth is 6 in.
Fill dirt vs topsoil
| Fill dirt | Topsoil | |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | Subsoil with little organic matter | The fertile top layer |
| Best for | Holes, grading, backfill, raising ground level | Lawns and planting beds |
| Compacts | Well, stays put | Settles and breaks down |
| Cost | Cheaper, sometimes free | More expensive |
A common approach is fill dirt for the bulk of the height, finished with 4–6 in of topsoil on top. Use the topsoil calculator for that top layer.
How much fits in a truck?
A standard tandem dump truck carries about 10–14 cubic yards, and a smaller single-axle truck about 5–8. A half-ton pickup can safely carry only about half a yard of dirt because it's so heavy.
Frequently asked questions
How much does a yard of fill dirt weigh?
About 2,000–2,700 lb, so a little over a ton. Wet or clay-heavy fill weighs more.
How many yards of dirt are in a dump truck?
A standard tandem dump truck holds 10–14 cubic yards. Smaller single-axle trucks carry about 5–8 yards.
How much fill dirt do I need to raise my yard 6 inches?
Each 1,000 sq ft raised 6 in needs about 18.5 cubic yards, or around 22 yards with 20% for compaction.
Can I get fill dirt for free?
Often, yes. Excavation and construction companies sometimes give away clean fill to avoid disposal fees, though you may pay for delivery.
Last reviewed 2026-11-14. Material weights are typical industry averages and vary by supplier, moisture and compaction.